Evaluasi Metabolomik Mutan Putatif Bawang Putih (MV3) Hasil Iradiasi Gamma LD50

Utin Winarni; Diny Dinarti; Syarifah Iis Aisyah

doi:10.24831/jai.v50i1.38086

Utin Winarni Peningkatan keragaman genetik bawang putih dapat melalui pemuliaan mutasi buatan menggunakan sinar gamma. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh dosis iradiasi gamma pada LD50 terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kandungan senyawa metabolit generasi MV3 tiga genotipe bawang putih. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai September 2020 di Kebun Percobaan Pasir Sarongge IPB. Percobaan terdiri atas enam populasi mutan bawang putih tanpa ulangan, yaitu Ciwidey 0 Gy , Ciwidey 6 Gy, Tawangmangu Baru 0 Gy, Tawangmangu Baru 8 Gy, Lumbu Kuning 0 Gy, Lumbu Kuning 10 Gy. Setiap populasi memiliki jumlah individu yang berbeda tergantung ketersediaan bahan tanam dari generasi sebelumnya. Total 364 tanaman yang diuji tersebut diamati pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Hasil penelitian paparan dosis LD50 pada semua genotipe bawang putih menurunkan diameter umbi, jumlah siung dibandingkan kontrol. Senyawa baru yang terdeteksi pada CW 6 Gy yaitu 2-Hexanol; 2-Hexanol, 3,4-dimethyl-; Cyclopentene, 1,2,3,3,4-pentamethyl-; Trisulfide, methyl 2-propenyl. Senyawa baru yang terdeteksi pada LK 10 Gy yaitu Butyl isobutyl phthalate; 2-Pentanol, 2-methyl-; Ether, 2-chloro-1-methylethyl isopropyl; Hentriacontane; Isoamyl lactate. Senyawa baru yang terdeteksi pada TMB 8 Gy yaitu; Cyclopentene, 1,2,3,3,4-pentamethyl-; Decane; 3-Vinyl-1,2-dithiacyclohex-4-ene; Diallyl disulphide. Kata kunci: allicin, antimikroba, GC-MS, metabolomik, mutan
Diny Dinarti Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Syarifah Iis Aisyah Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v50i1.38086

Abstract

The increase in the genetic diversity of garlic can be through artificial mutation breeding using gamma rays. The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of gamma irradiation LD50 dose on growth, production, and content of metabolites of the MV3 generation of garlic genotypes. The research was carried out from May to September 2020 at the Pasir Sarongge Experimental Garden, IPB. The experiment consisted of six mutant populations of garlic genotypes without replication, namely Ciwidey 0 Gy, Ciwidey 6 Gy, Tawangmangu Baru 0 Gy, Tawangmangu Baru 8 Gy, Lumbu Kuning 0 Gy, Lumbu Kuning 10 Gy. Each population had a different number of individuals depending on the availability of planting material from the previous generation. A total of 364 plants were planted in the field for observation of plant growth and production. The results showed that exposure to LD50 doses in all genotypes of garlic decreased tuber diameter and number of cloves compared to controls. The new compounds detected at CW 6 Gy were 2-Hexanol; 2-Hexanol,3,4-dimethyl-; Cyclopentene,1,2,3,3,4-pentamethyl; Trisulfide,methyl2-propyl. New compounds detected in LK 10 Gy are Butyl isobutyl phthalate; 2-Pentanol, 2-methyl-; Ether,2-chloro-1-methylethyl isopropyl; Hentricontane; Isoamyllactate. New compounds detected in 8 Gy TMB; Cyclopentene, 1,2, 3,3,4-pentamethyl-; Decane; 3-Vinyl-1,2-dithiacyclohex-4-ene; Diallyl disulphide.

Keywords: allicin, antimicrobial, GC-MS, metabolomics, mutant