Journal of Tropical Silviculture

Pertumbuhan Sengon Solomon F2 dan Produktivitas Padi Gogo dengan Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda dalam Sistem Agroforestri

Nurheni Wijayanto, Tazkiah Amalyris Karimatunnisa — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Agroforestry combines the component of forestry and annual crops as solution to balance the food needs with conservation efforts. The combination of sengon and upland rice in agroforestry system has opportunity to be developed. Sengon and rice production can be increased by determining the appropriate spacing. This study aims to measure sengon solomon F2 growth (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) and know the productivity of upland rice Inpago LIPI Go2 (Oryza sativa L.) variety with different planting spaces in agroforestry system. The results of the study were analyzed using one-way variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test was carried out with a confidence interval of 95% on significantly different results. The results showed that sengon solomon with planting spaces of J1 (1,5 m x 1,5 m) and J2 (3 m x 1,5 m) was not significantly different in sengon solomon's growth. The biggest potential productivity produced by rice with the distance is 0,75 m from solomon sengon of J1 (2,58 ton ha-1) and 1 m from sengon solomon of J2 (2,37 ton ha-1).

Keywords: agroforestry, Oryza sativa, Paraserianthes falcataria, planting spaces

Pengaruh Inokulasi Mikoriza Arbuskular dan Pupuk Kandang Sapi terhadap Pertumbuhan Semai Kayu Putih (Melaleuca Cajuputi) di Tanah Pasca Tambang Batu Kapur

Sri Wilarso Budi, Meli Nurdiani — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Post-mining soil has low fertility so that the revegetation process will be hampered. The addition of soil ameliorants and proper plant selection are necessary for successful revegetation. The use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and cow manure is expected to help plant growth on post-limestone mining soil. The aims of this study were (1) to analyze the interaction effect of AMF and cow manure on the growth of eucalyptus plants in post-lime mining soil, (2) to analyze the optimal dose of manure in increasing eucalyptus growth. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two treatment factors (mycorrhizae and cow manure). The results showed that there was no effect of the interaction between AMF inoculation with cow manure. Giving AMF alone also did not significantly affect the growth of eucalyptus seedlings. While the single factor of cow manure had a significant effect on seedling growth, the best dose of cow manure was 15% which could increase growth in height and diameter by 28,04% and 38,41%, respectively, compared to control plants.

Keywords: cow manure, eucalyptus, mycorrhiza, post-mining lime soil

Pengaruh Curah Hujan terhadap Penurunan Titik Panas (Hotspot) di Indonesia pada Tahun 2019-2020

Bambang Hero Saharjo, Dimas Adi Nugraha — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Forest and land fires (Karhutla) are a phenomenon that often occurs in Indonesia every year. Moreover, there are many changes in land use, such as on the islands of Sumatra and Kalimantan. For example, in Jambi, South Sumatra, West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. Climatic factors can affect the occurrence of forest and land fires. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hotspots and rainfall on the occurrence of forest and land fires in Indonesia 2019 to 2020. This study used NASA MODIS hotspot data, administrative maps, and rainfall data from the BMKG. The results of this study indicate that rainfall is very influential on the number of hotspots, if the rainfall is low then the hotspots is high and vice versa. July to November is the dry season in 2019, while 2020 is from August to October. From the results of the P-Value correlation test, only South Kalimantan Province is below the 0.05 limit, which is 0.041. Meanwhile, from the results of the R-Person correlation test, Jambi Province has a positive notation (+). Which means that rainfall has no effect on the number of hotspots in the two provinces.

Keywords: correlation, fire, hotspot, modis, precipitation

Keanekaragaman Serangga Tanah di Tegakan Kenanga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson) dengan Perlakuan Pemupukan

Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson) or ylang- ylang from the Annonaceae family is one of the forests. This study aimed to determine the diversity and abundance of soil surface insects in Kenanga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson) stands that were treated with fertilization. The research procedure includes determining the location of observations, taking samples using the pitfall trap method, measuring environmental factors, identifying insects, and analyzing data. The total number of soil fauna in the pre-fertilized treatment was found to be 14 orders and 1421 individuals, while for the post-fertilized treatment was found to be 16 orders and 2108 individuals. In each plot, there was an increase in the number of individuals who it was given fertilizer treatment except for fertilizer treatment. The factor of increasing individual insects is not only from fertilizer application but also from micro-habitat factors, namely the amount of litter, undergrowth, temperature and humidity. The morphospecies that experienced the most significant increase in the number of individuals was Formicidae. A relatively high index of ant species diversity was found in the control plot.

Keywords: Cananga odorata, biodiversity, fertilizer, insects

Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Cocopeat terhadap Pertumbuhan Falcataria mollucana pada Media Tanah Tercemar Oli Bekas

Basuki Wasis, Anistya Safa Fitriani — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Used oil waste contains the accumulation of metals in soil which causes a decrease in soil quality and could be pollutant that can poison the soil with the result that can affect the environment. Sengon (Falcataria mollucana) seedlings, cow manure and cocopeat are materials used to improve soil that has been contaminated with used oil. This study aims to analyze the effect of cow manure and cocopeat on the growth of the seedlings with an optimal dosage. The results showed that the application of cow manure and cocopeat increased the growth of seedlings and improved soil fertility that was contaminated with used oil. The application of cow manure had a significant effect on height, diameter, total wet weight, total dry weight, and root length. The S2C4 treatment (60 g of cow manure + 100 g of cocopeat) gave optimal results on diameter and total dry weight, S3C4 (90 g cow manure + 100 g cocopeat) on root length, S2C0 (60 g of cow manure) for shoot root ratio, S3C0 treatment (90 g of cow manure) for total wet weight, S1C2 (cow manure 30 g and cocopeat 50 g) for seed height.

Keywords: cocopeat, cow manure, Falcataria mollucana, used oil waste

Ketahanan Bibit Kayu Putih (Melaleuca cajuputi) pada Berbagai Media Tercemar Air Asam Tambang

Irdika Mansur, Aditya Rizkyandana, Priyanto Priyanto — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Cajeput (Melaleuca cajuputi) is widely used as a post-mining revegetation plant. The addition of organic matter to post-mining land can improve the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the soil that lead on to increasing growth and endurance of cajeput in polluted land by acid mine drainage. This study aims to analyze the effect of compost mixture media and roasted husk mixture media to endurance and growth of cajeput seedling and also to analyze the effect of acid mine drainage concentration on the endurances of cajeput seedling on various media. This study used a completely randomized design with two factors consisting of acid mine drainage concentration and type of media. The results of this study indicate that the concentration of acid mine drainage has no significant effect on the growth of height, diameter, and number of leaves, also on total wet weight, total dry weight, moisture content, and root length while the type of media used has a significant effect on growth in height, diameter, and the number of leaves.

Keywords: acid mine drainage, compost, Melaleuca cajuputi, roasted husk

Pengaruh Penjarangan Dan Lokasi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tegakan Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb.) di PT. Lestari Mahaputra Buana, Padalarang Kabupaten Bandung Barat

Andi Sukendro, Adam Hasrul Amir — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) is an alternative type of jelutung and pulai, alternative that is increasingly available as raw material in making pencils. This study aims to find out the effect of thinning and soil physical properties on the growth of A. cadamba stands in various locations in PT. Lestari Mahaputra Buana Padalarang, West Bandung Regency. The characteristic of the research location has a place height of 347 - 405 masl and an average temperature of 31,35˚C. The observation results of observing the physical soil are obtained a clumpy angular shaped and the soil texture in the observation place is silty clay loam. Bulk density ranges from 1,18 – 1,28 g/cc, water content range from 24,62 – 28,94 and soil permeability range from 0,64 – 0,82 cm/hour. Thinning treatment has a significant effect (95% level) on parameters of diameter after two months (0,58 cm) and after four months (0,66 cm). Factors at location and interaction (treatment and location) did not significantly affect the growth of A. cadamba stands in all variables (total height, free height of branches and diameter).

Keywords: Anthocephalus cadamba, jabon stand growth, soil, thinning

Analisis Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Berdasarkan Hotspot dan Area Terbakar di Kabupaten Pelalawan, Provinsi Riau

Ati Dwi Nurhayati, Wanda Aulia — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Riau Province always occurs forest and land fires every year. One of the districts that are often burned is Pelalawant. Pelalawan District has the highest number of hotspots in the 2015-2019 period. This study aims to analyze the distribution of hotspots and burned areas in 2015 and 2019 in Pelalawan District Riau. Data used in this study comes from the MODIS Terra/Aqua satellite imagery. The results showed that the number of hotspots in Pelalawan Regency was 2168 in 2015 and 1503 in 2019. In 2015 the number of hotspots was dominated on non-peat land and in 2019 dominated on peatland. Pangkalan Kuras District had the highest number of hotspots in 2015 and Teluk Meranti District had the highest number of hotspots in 2019. The area burned in 2015 was 50,896,207 ha in Pelalawan Regency and 8,078,358 ha in 2019.

Keywords: burned area, forest and land fire, hotspot, Pelalawan District

Uji Penghambatan Minyak Atsiri Kayu Putih dan Kunyit terhadap Patogen Penyebab Penyakit pada Tanaman Murbei Secara In Vitro

Muhammad Alam Firmansyah, Silvia Anggraeni Yuwono — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Mulberry plants (Morus sp.) are one of the non-timber forest products that are used as feed
for silkworms, foodstuffs, or medicines. Plants that are attacked by disease can certainly harm
various aspects, one of which can reduce the quality and quantity of plants. Vegetable pesticides
can be a solution to prevent the spread of the disease. This study aims to determine the symptoms
of diseases that appear in mulberry plants and their spread in mahogany and find out the
inhibitory power and concentration of essential oils that work optimally. Observations were
made using eucalyptus essential oil, turmeric essential oil, and a combination of both with
concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% on PDA media and GDP media. Based on observations, the
type of fungus found is Rhizoctonia sp.. The results of the observations showed that the optimal
essential oil as an inhibitor of pathogenic growth is turmeric essential oil with a concentration of
3% and a combined essential oil concentration of 5%. The results of the inoculation showed that
there was fungal growth activity on mahogany seedlings so that the fungus could attack other
plants such as forestry plants.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Kehutanan Untuk Budidaya Jamur Enoki Komersial

Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Enoki mushrooms have a fairly high economic potential in the consumption market share, especially for Japanese and Korean dishes. However, in Indonesia not many people cultivate this fungus because the requires special temperature treatment. This research aims to find the most effective treatment of temperature and composition of planting media between sengon wood sawdust and straw for cultivating enoki mushrooms so that they can grow rapidly in Indonesia. The method used in this research is an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors, namely temperature treatment and planting media of sengon sawdust with straw. The data collection method was carried out directly in the laboratory to measure the width of mycelium growth, temperature, humidity, and composition of the growing media. Mycelium growth at 3:1 composition has a relatively higher growth rate at 13.9℃ temperature and 96.5% humidity.

Keywords: Enoki mushroom, sawdust, straw, temperature, mycelium, treatment

Efek Praperlakuan Untuk Pematahan Dormansi Benih Ketapang Kencana (Terminalia mantaly H. Perrier)

Arum Sekar Wulandari, Dela Meisuda Mar’Atussholihah — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

The dormancy of Ketapang kencana seeds can be removed by using pre-treatment in order to breaking dormancy of seeds. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of pre-treatment for breaking dormancy of seeds, and the seed size on the Ketapang kencana seed germination. Ketapang kencana seeds that have been extracted are classified into 3 sizes, such as: large, medium and small. After that, the seeds were treated with dormancy breaking, such as: (1) control, (2) seeds cutting, (3) seeds sanding, (4) seeds soaking in H₂SO₄ solution, (5) seeds soaking in hot water (temperature ± 80 ^oC) for 10 minutes, (6) seeds soaking in water for 12 hours, and (7) seeds soaking in water for 72 hours. The results showed that there were 3 pre-treatments of seeds dormancy breaking that could increase the seed germination, such as cutting the seeds on the endocarp, sanding the seeds on the endocarp, and soaking the seeds in the water for 12 hours. The pre-treatments of seeds dormancy breaking significantly affected the germination index, normal sprout growth (dry weight, height, root length), and the start of sprout growth. Ketapang kencana seed size affected the germination and the dry weight of normal sprouts. The large seeds (0.65–0.82 cm) had the highest germination and dry weight. In general, the pre-treatment of seeds dormancy breaking and the seed size increased the germination of Ketapang kencana seeds.

Key words: maximum growth potential, seed germination, seed size, seed viability, seed vigour

Identifikasi Area Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan di Kabupaten Merauke Provinsi Papua Selatan

Silvi Nadia Kirana, Ati Dwi Nurhayati — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

Papua province is one of fire prone province in Indonesia. Merauke experiences forest and land fires almost every year. The objectives of this study were to identify the distribution of hotspots and burned area in Merauke District, South Papua Province in 2015 and 2019. Hotspot data was obtained from the Terra/Aqua MODIS satellite imagery. Data analysis was carried out by identifying the distribution of hotspots for each type of land cover, as well as identification of burnt areas with buffering hotspots at a distance of 1 km x 1 km. Total number of hotspots in 2015 was 2.671 with 2.611 hotspots on mineral soil and 60 hotspots on peatland area. Total hotspots in 2019 were 534 with 524 hotspots on mineral soil and 10 hotspots on peatland area. The burned area in 2015 was 98% on non-peat land and 2% on peat land of the total burnt area in Merauke Regency. The burnt area in 2019 also occurred 98% on non-peat land and 2% on peatland. The biggest forest and land fires in 2015 and 2019 occurred in the land cover type of swamp scrub.

Keywords: burned area, forest fire, hotspot, Merauke District

Ancaman Kebakaran Hutan di Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Lailan Syaufina, Suryawan Ramadhan — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

The National Park of Bantimurung Bulusaraung located in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province, is a unique conservation area with a karst ecosystem. Forest fires have been an essential threat to the National Park. The study aims to analyze forest fire occurrences, identify causes and forest fire prevention efforts at the National Park of Bantimurung Bulusaraung, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi. Data used in this study consist of monthly forest fire data from the National Park of Bantimurung Bulusaraung and monthly rainfall data from the Agency of Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics in the period of 2015-2020, and information on fire causes, community participation in forest fire prevention derived from respondents of villagers living surrounding the national park. Data analyses using JASP 0.14.1 software. The study revealed that forest fires occur every year at the National Park of Bantimurung Bulusaraung with fires frequency of 20 times and burned area of 163,455 ha from 2015 to 2020. The highest frequency occurred in 2015 of 8 times and burned area about 97,065 ha. The human factor has been the single fire causing factor, particularly negligence in fire use activities. There are several prevention measures conducted by the National Park management, including the socialization and training activities for community. The unique karst ecosystem seems to be a challenge in the fire suppression process. Therefore, forest fire prevention involving community living surrounding the national park is critical in forest fire control in the National Park of Bantimurung Bulusaraung.

Keywords: community participation, fire causes, fire prevention, karst ecosystem

Growth Analyses of Dipterocarpaceae Stand on Selective Cutting and Line Planting Silvicultural System with Different Planting Line Direction in North Kalimantan

M. Taufan Tirkaamiana, Lailan Syaufina, Jumani Jumani — Thu, 29 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0700

The potency of the Indonesian Tropical Forest, particularly in Kalimantan, has been shrinkage year by year. Selective Cutting and Line Planting System (SCLP) is expected to increase the productivity of the tropical forest. This study aims to analyze the growth and diameter increment of Dipterocarpaceae stand planted in West-East (W-E) and North-South (N-S) planting direction on SCLP at concession area of PT. Intracawood Manufacturing, Bulungan District, North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Growth and diameter increment data of Dipterocarpaceae was obtained by field measurement in 4 (four) permanent plots sized 100 m x 100 m with W-E and N-S directions. The study revealed that the largest growth and average diameter increment on a five-year-old stand is Shorea parvifolia with planting direction of W-E about 8,5 cm and 1,92 cm/yr. In contrast, the smallest is Dryobalanops lanceolata with N-S planting direction about 4,6 cm and 0,99 cm/yr. Planting line direction does not influence diameter increment. It is due to the stand position in the spacing line as an ex-cutting area or the right and left-hand sides of the planting line with low density and low average stand height (17,62 m). Therefore, the light intensity on the N-S planting line direction has no barrier of spacing line stand.

Keywords: Increment, Light Intensity, Planting Line Direction